Strahinja Eraković was born on 22 January 2001 in Belgrade. A product of the Red Star Belgrade academy, he captained the club's U19 side as well as Serbia's youth national teams. After a loan spell at Grafičar Beograd, he established himself in Red Star's first team, winning back-to-back Serbian SuperLiga and Serbian Cup doubles, and was named the SuperLiga's Young Player of the Season for 2022–23.

In 2023 he moved to Zenit Saint Petersburg, where he won the Russian Premier League, the Russian Cup and the Russian Super Cup. A senior Serbia international, he was part of the squad for the 2022 FIFA World Cup. In September 2026 he joined Samsunspor on loan from Zenit.